Church music goes beyond just playing the organ in church services and also includes church choirs and instrumental ensembles as well as the church bells. In addition to the Catholics (Limburg diocese) and Protestants (Evangelical Church of Hesse-Nassau, EKHN), there are numerous independent parishes in Wiesbaden, some of which have ambitious church music and good organs.

The first full-time church musician in Wiesbaden (and in the whole of Nassau) was Adolf Wald (1837-1905), who was appointed organist at the Marktkirche in 1867 and founded a Protestant church choral society in 1878. Wald also introduced church concerts with varied programs; they enjoyed great popularity nationwide. His successor Friedrich Petersen (1881-1933) was also responsible for playing the organ on the new large Sauer organ in the Kurhaus.

Many parishes today have well-trained organists: in addition to the full-time church musicians, there are numerous part-time organists with a university education, including school musicians with organ as their main subject. The Wiesbaden Academy of Music offers artistic training in organ, some of whose graduates go on to play in churches in Wiesbaden. The large number of full-time church musicians is unique in the region: the Protestant church employs four A-cantors (Markt-, Luther-, Berg- and Christophoruskirche, the latter also deanery and provost cantors) and four B-cantors (Kreuz-, Matthäus- and Ringkirche, as well as Bierstadt with the second deanery cantor), the Catholic A-positions are based at St. Bonifatius and St. Elisabeth.

Sophisticated choral work also takes place in the suburbs. The largest and best-known church choirs are the Bach Choir of the Lutherkirche, the choir of the Bergkirche (since 1948), the choir of St. Bonifatius (since 1862) and the Schiersteiner Kantorei (since 1962). Annual performances by a city-wide project choir with orchestra and soloists take place in the Marktkirche. The Reger Choir also rehearses on a project basis, performing concerts in St. Bonifatius and taking on rarely heard pieces in particular. The Wiesbaden Boys' Choir was founded in 1960 and is supported by the Protestant congregation as a whole.

Most parishes have a mixed church choir. These choirs have often been in existence for quite a long time (e.g. the Frauenstein Catholic church choir was founded in 1858), but are now struggling with a lack of young talent and an ageing choir. In some parishes, the stylistic orientation of the choir is changing away from the classical repertoire towards gospel/spiritual and sacred pop music, for example in the "Gospical" choir of St. Luke's parish. There are also gospel choirs that are not bound to a church congregation, but rather see themselves as concert choirs. The ecumenical church choir in Klarenthal is also worth mentioning. The number of male choirs that take care of the Latin Gregorian chant in the Catholic liturgy (choral schola) has been steadily declining since the liturgical reform; there are currently only three of them.

The cooperation between the church musicians of the Christian denominations becomes clear at the city-wide "Stadtklänge" event, which presents various ensembles, musical styles and performance forms for a whole day in many churches and other locations in the city. Church music also plays a major role in the annual "Night of the Churches".

The church does not always have to be the performance venue for church music, as concerts with oratorios, mass and requiem settings also take place in the Kurhaus and Biebrich Palace; the choir of the city of Wiesbaden, founded in 1836 (until 1938 "Cäcilienverein"), has many such works in its repertoire.

Unlike in Frankfurt, for example, the bells of the various churches in Wiesbaden are not tuned to each other, which can lead to unsightly effects when they ring at the same time. The church of St. Boniface has the largest chimes, but in the Marktkirche there is also a carillon in the middle tower, one of the few carillons that can be played by hand via a chime system 65 meters up in the tower. The carillon has a total of 49 bells, including four of the existing five large bells. However, the lowest tone (c1), weighing 2.2 tons, is reserved for the carillon. Probably the oldest bell in Wiesbaden (around 1430, inscription: "Meyster Johann von Mence der gos mec") hangs in the Christophoruskirche in Schierstein.