Imagina of Isenburg-Limburg
German queen, co-founder of the Klarenthal monastery
born: around 1250
died: around 1318
Imagina came from the family of the noble lords of Isenburg-Limburg, who acquired the lordship of Limburg around 1220 and later built a castle on a steep cliff above the River Lahn. For the Nassau family, Limburg's topographical location at a ford on the Lahn at the intersection of important roads to Cologne and Siegen probably played a key role in the marriage between Imagina and Count Adolf von Nassau, who later became king; the town was also not too far from the possessions of the Walram line of the Nassau family in Weilburg, Idstein and Wiesbaden. Both dynasties were also united by the desire to defend themselves against the superiority of other territorial powers, such as the archbishops of Cologne, Mainz and Trier.
The marriage probably took place around 1270, because when Adolf was elected German king in 1292, his son Rupert was already an adult. Imagina first appears in 1280 in connection with a legal transaction concerning Wiesbaden, for which the couple jointly issued a deed. The negotiations took place in Wiesbaden in the presence of many citizens; the subject matter was the assurance of exemption from taxes for the Cistercian nunnery Tiefenthal for its Wiesbaden properties. Imagina's agreement to this deal is explicitly mentioned. It is interesting to note that she affixes her seal to the deed alongside that of her husband and her father Gerlach as a sign of her consent. The countess therefore had her own seal, a sign of authority that demonstrates her autonomy in this legal transaction. We only have a few written records of Imagina's role as countess and later as queen. On June 24, 1292, Count Adolf, who had been elected in Frankfurt in May, was crowned king in Aachen. Ottokar of Styria's rhyming chronicle reports that his wife was not only present at this ceremony, but was also crowned herself. King Adolf was constantly on the move during his short reign. Above all in Alsace and Flanders, in Meissen and Thuringia, he sought to assert his rule. His wife probably accompanied him most of the time. Imagina was present when Adolf issued a charter in Ortenberg, a castle in the Kinzig valley, in December 1293, and even more: she acted as an intervener, i.e. at her request, the king exempted Gengenbach Abbey from the jurisdiction of secular courts.
It was not without danger for a medieval queen to accompany her husband: A chronicle records that when the king set off on a campaign in Alsace in the fall of 1293, he sent his wife to Breisach because it was a safer place. Imagina is also attested several times in Achalm.
She traveled here from Ortenberg at the end of 1293 to spend Christmas there. The former Hohenstaufen imperial castle near Reutlingen was something of a fixed point of reference in the queen's itinerary. Here, on May 5, 1294, she issued the only document of her own, as far as is known to date, that was issued during her husband's lifetime. With her full title of "Regina romanorum semper augusta", she took the Poor Clares monastery in Pfullingen under her personal protection and sealed the document with her own majestic seal. Imagina probably also traveled for her own pleasure and attended weddings and other festivities of friendly high nobility, although we only know of one instance: On January 2, 1294, she is attested in Stuttgart at the baptism of Duke Ulrich of Württemberg. The fact that the queen had her own seal and even issued one or two documents herself indicates that she must have had appropriate staff at her disposal, as she obviously did not write these documents herself. Her own small court probably also included a cleric, as is clear from a document issued by Pope Boniface VIII in 1296, which granted both the king and his wife certain privileges for the clergy in their personal service.
The queen is best known in Wiesbaden for her role in the founding of the Klarenthal Poor Clares Monastery(Kloster Klarenthal). She must have been well acquainted with the newly emerging mendicant orders in the 13th century, as her father Count Gerlach had a Franciscan monastery built in Limburg around 1230 in gratitude for the happy return from a crusade to the Holy Land, where several members of the house were buried. Her certification for the Poor Clares monastery in Pfullingen in 1294 could indicate a preference for this order. Imagina, along with other women in the family, was the driving force behind the foundation of the monastery. King Adolf himself acknowledged this role when he had the foundation charter for Klarenthal drawn up in Speyer at his wife's request in 1298, just a few months before his death. Three weeks later, Imagina also certified the foundation, expressly emphasizing that "her lord King Adolf had acted at her insistent request". She also declared that she had seen and read the sealed deed issued by the king and now solemnly gave her consent to this act of foundation. Imagina seals this document with her majesty's seal.
Six months later, the already deposed king fell in battle at Göllheim against Duke Albrecht of Austria. According to chronicles, Imagina is said to have appeared before King Albrecht at the new king's first imperial court in Nuremberg in December 1298 and asked him to release her son Ruprecht, who had been captured in the battle. We hear of her again in 1308/09; in the meantime, King Albrecht was no longer alive. His successor King Henry of Luxembourg guaranteed her an annual income of 900 pounds Heller from the taxes of the imperial city of Wetzlar - a kind of pension from the empire to the royal widow, which is also attested in the following years. In 1309, Imagina appeared on the imperial political stage for the last time: In her presence, King Adolf's body, transferred from its temporary burial place, was interred in Speyer Cathedral on August 29 or 30.
After King Adolf's death, Imagina continued to work for Klarenthal Abbey. In 1303, she wrote to Pope Benedict XI because Archbishop Gerhard of Mainz was still refusing to consecrate the monastery; the Pope then admonished the metropolitan so that the consecration could take place a little later. The following year, she again confirmed the convent's rights and possessions. In 1313, her son Count Gerlach mentioned her consent when he transferred income to the Poor Clares. Three years later, he used her seal when he regulated Tiefenthal Abbey's responsibility for the Wiesbaden Chapel of Our Lady.
Imagina occasionally issued documents until 1317. Towards the end of her life, she may have retired completely to the Poor Clares convent, following the example of her mother-in-law Adelheid an Nassau. She probably died in 1318 and was buried in front of the high altar. The exact year of her death is not known. However, the entry in the monastery's necrology gives a date, namely September 29; on this day of her death, the nuns commemorated the queen in prayer. The tomb, of which only drawings have survived, shows a woman in prayer, her head adorned with a crown and resting on a silk cushion; the dog at her feet can also be interpreted as a sign of her noble status.
Literature
- Schliephake, F. W. Theodor
History of Nassau, from the oldest times to the present, Wiesbaden, 1867.
- Kloster Klarenthal
Repertories of the Hessian Main State Archives Wiesbaden, Department 18, edited by Hermann Langkabel, Wiesbaden 1981.
- Czysz, Walter
Klarenthal near Wiesbaden - a convent for women in the Middle Ages: 1298-1559, Wiesbaden 1987.