While in the 13th century acts of voluntary jurisdiction took place in the churchyard and in the 15th century in the houses of the mayor and the jurors, in the 16th century the court held its sessions in Wiesbaden on the market square and in bad weather in the former Burgmannenhaus "Zum Ochsen", later also in the castle courtyard. From the beginning of the 17th century, the town hall was the seat of the municipal court. After 1744, the court and the bailiff, as the lowest instance, moved into rooms in the castle. The "Criminal Court" was located in a building erected on Michelsberg in 1767. From 1822, the Court of Justice, Court of Appeal and High Court of Appeal were housed in the palace. When the new city palace was built in 1837, the court authorities moved to the so-called Dikasterialgebäude, four buildings in front of the Mainzer Tor. The Supreme Court of Appeal took up residence at the south-east corner of Marktstrasse and Friedrichstrasse (Marktstrasse 1), the judicial office with the Landoberschultheißerei in the building at Marktstrasse 3. The finance and domain administration moved into the buildings opposite at Marktstrasse 2 and 4. This was the seat of the courts for over half a century. The Court and Court of Appeal moved into the former Hotel Schützenhof in 1849 and received a new domicile next to the High Court of Appeal (Friedrichstraße 13) in 1865.

Soon after 1866, efforts began to improve the accommodation and consolidation of the judicial authorities in a new building on Albrechtstraße. Construction began in 1894 according to plans by the royal government architects Büttner, Helbig and Wikopp. Official operations began on 02.04.1897. In addition to the regional and district court, the public prosecutor's office was also housed here. Space problems soon arose here too, and after the First World War individual departments had to be moved to private houses and in the mid-1930s to Wilhelmstraße 14, where they remained until 1945. Some relief was provided by an extension built in Moritzstraße in 1953 (demolished in 2016). After the prison closed in February 1972, the district court moved into the administrative offices. In 1975, private houses had to be used again. The demolition of the prison building on Albrechtstraße in 1995/96 did not lead to any relief.

The Labor, Social and Administrative Courts were also located at different places in Wiesbaden. The Wiesbaden Administrative Court was initially housed at Luisenplatz and was given a new building in Mühlgasse in 1989. In 2003, it had to make way for the space requirements of the Hessian State Parliament and moved to a building at Konrad-Adenauer-Ring 15. The Labour Court and Social Court were located in private houses at Adolfsallee 33 and Frankfurter Straße 12 respectively. The public prosecutor's office, which had been housed in the "Mercedes-Haus" in Mainzer Straße since 1975 after moving out of the district court building, moved to the former nurses' residence on Konrad-Adenauer-Ring at the end of September 2004 after the US Hospital was abandoned. With the construction of the Central Justice Center in Mainzer Straße, designed by Frankfurt architects KSP Engel und Zimmermann, the district and regional courts, the labour, social and administrative courts and the public prosecutor's office have all had a new home since December 2009. Only the Hessian State Court of Justice retains its separate office in Luisenstraße.