On September 8, 1860, the "Advance and Credit Association for the City of Wiesbaden" was founded in the "Zum Erbprinzen von Nassau" hall on Mauritiusplatz in the form of an association with unlimited liability that was common at the time. The majority of the founding members came from trade and industry. The court procurator Dr. Friedrich Schenck took over the chairmanship of the overall administration. On October 1, 1860, business operations were opened at the corner of Taunusstrasse and Geisbergstrasse.

After a short time, the cooperative had already gained economic importance. In 1864, the name was changed to "Vorschussverein zu Wiesbaden". In this year, the association also moved into new business premises in Heymann's house in Mühlgasse. In 1868, following the enactment of the Cooperatives Act, the Wiesbadener Vorschussverein and all other cooperatively organized associations were given a comprehensively secure legal status. The entry in the register of cooperatives was made under the name "Vorschussverein zu Wiesbaden Eingetragene Genossenschaft". After the business premises in Mühlgasse had become too cramped, the cooperative moved into a new domicile on the second floor of Georg Bücher's house at the corner of Marktstraße and Ellenbogengasse opposite the old town hall in 1870. These premises soon proved to be inadequate as well. In 1873, the association acquired the former Scholz property at the corner of Friedrichstraße and Schillerplatz. In the years that followed, a prestigious bank building was built here to the design of city architect Alexander Fach, which still serves as the bank's head office today. The bank moved into its new premises on Schillerplatz on October 6, 1876. At this time, the Vorschussverein had 4,077 members.

Since the beginnings of the Vorschussverein, the promotion and support of the cooperative system in Germany had been of particular concern to the people of Wiesbaden. After the death of Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch in 1883, Dr. Schenck was elected as his successor as advocate of the "General Association of German Self-Help Cooperatives" at the personal request of the deceased. As a result of the progressive development and expansion of Wiesbaden and the associated lively construction activity, the association succeeded in significantly expanding its business activities.

At the beginning of the 20th century, all banking transactions could be offered on favorable terms: Loans, exchange transactions, the purchase and sale of securities, the redemption of coupons and banknotes, the issuing of letters of credit and cheques to all major places in Germany and abroad, the free transfer of funds via the Reichsbank current account and postal cheque account, the acceptance of bail services from state and municipal authorities. The association's assets had also grown to a considerable 4.5 million marks.

In 1905, the association was transformed into a cooperative with limited liability. In 1910, the Vorschussverein celebrated its 50th anniversary with a ceremony in the new Kurhaus. The public was increasingly aware that the "Vorschuss" had contributed a great deal to the rapid development of the town and its economy since its foundation. In 1924, the decision was made to name the bank "Wiesbadener Bank Eingetragene Genossenschaft mit beschränkter Haftung" (Wiesbadener Bank Registered Cooperative with Limited Liability). Thanks to the policy of far above-average willingness to pay and cautious lending practiced since its beginnings, the bank survived the subsequent bad times such as inflation, the banking crisis of 1931 and the two world wars.

During the phase of reconstruction and the economic miracle, it was able to quickly regain and further expand its position as a pillar of the SME economy in Wiesbaden. In 1950, the bank was granted the status of a "foreign trade bank". The increasing business activity and growing number of customers did not remain without impact on the credit cooperative's spatial capacities. In the 1950s and 1960s, the branch network was systematically expanded and with it the volume business. In 1969, the bank merged with Vereinsbank Wiesbaden, founded in 1865, and four years later with Volksbank Wiesbaden-Biebrich. Since then, the bank has operated under the name "Wiesbadener Volksbank eG".

Further mergers took place in 1988 (Volksbank Bad Schwalbach), 1989 (WKG-Bank Kreditbank Wiesbaden eG), 2001 (Raiffeisenbank Wiesbaden) and 2003 (Raiffeisenbank Frauenstein). In 2009, Wiesbadener Volksbank merged with Volksbank Eltville.

In the same year, the decision was made to relocate the business with wealthy private customers, which had previously been managed by the head office, to a new location. The bank created its own brand, "Wiesbadener Volksbank Private Banking", acquired a prestigious villa built around 1902 on Bierstadter Strasse and converted it to meet its business requirements. From here, it supports customers with special requirements in all financial and asset matters and offers asset management, asset succession planning and foundation management.

Today, Wiesbadener Volksbank is one of the largest and most successful Volksbanks in Germany. Business data (as at: 31.12.2015): Number of customers: 135,000; total assets: 3.9 billion euros; members: 67,520; branches: 29; self-service branches: 6; employees: 622.