With its almost 60-metre-high tower, the Protestant Oranier Memorial Church dominates the silhouette of the Biebrich bank of the Rhine as a "Protestant bulwark on the Catholic Rhine". The church was built between 1902 and 1905 according to plans by the architect Karl von Loehr (1875 - 1958) from Karlsruhe in a monumentalizing neo-Gothic style, in accordance with the so-called Eisenach Regulations for Protestant Church Construction of 1861. Karl von Loehr was the winner of a competition in 1900 with 122 submitted designs. The construction of the church was under the special patronage of Kaiser Wilhelm II, who, among other things, made the land available to the congregation. The interior of the cruciform, rib-vaulted building with its narrow, only hinted-at side aisles, short cross arms and clearly defined crossing still conveys the impression of a wide, manageable meeting room. The altar, pulpit and organ formed a unit in the large apse facing south-west towards the banks of the Rhine in accordance with the Wiesbaden program.

The nave and the roof were considerably destroyed by fire bombs in 1944. Reconstruction took place between 1947 and 1949. The colorful neo-Gothic painting was also largely lost in the fire and was not restored when the interior was renovated in 1973. At the beginning of the 1990s, the red Main sandstone façade suffered serious weather damage. The exterior façade was completely renovated in time for the centenary celebrations in 2005.

The church was named in honor of William of Orange (1533 - 1584), the "Silent One", the champion of Protestantism in the Netherlands against the Spanish crown. Kaiser Wilhelm II, who also held the title of Prince of Orange, saw himself as a successor to William of Orange and felt obliged to protect Protestantism in the German Empire; this was also to be realized in the church building.