The Medizinische Gesellschaft Wiesbaden e.V., founded on October 1, 1982, emerged from the "Ärztlicher Verein zu Wiesbaden", which was founded in 1869. Initially, its aims included the representation of professional interests and socio-medical measures for the benefit of the population. Before the healthcare system was regulated by the authorities, the medical association ensured the systematic improvement of hygienic conditions and promoted healthcare in schools. It was involved in the construction of the new abattoir and hospital and in the fight against a smallpox epidemic in 1871.

In 1876, the medical associations in the administrative district of Wiesbaden joined together to form an association, which became one of the forerunners of the Medical Association. After the Second World War, Wiesbaden, which had long been the meeting place of the German Society for Internal Medicine, became an increasingly important center of attraction for medical congresses, symposia and seminars of many other medical associations. These facilities are complemented by a dense interdisciplinary network of highly specialized medical centers and group practices. The Medical Association took this new development into account: as early as 1960, it was the first and only institution in Wiesbaden to hold scientific training events for doctors. In 1982, the association was renamed Medizinische Gesellschaft Wiesbaden e.V. and opened its doors to dentists and pharmacists. It was at this time that the first patient forums on specific diseases were organized on the initiative of the Medical Society. The Medical Society has always endeavored to give Wiesbaden the reputation it deserves as the "City of Medicine".