Monuments
In the Hessian state capital, visitors also come across architectural monuments. These were created to commemorate historical events or historical personalities.
The Silent One
On May 15, 1908, the monument to William of Orange was inaugurated in front of the Marktkirche. The "Schweiger" is a gift from Emperor William II.
In order to find a suitable place for the emperor's announced gift, the people of Wiesbaden built a life-size model of the Schweiger out of wood and cardboard. They toured the city in search of the best spot. In the end, however, the place in front of the Marktkirche was chosen by the Emperor himself.
William of Orange was called the "Silent One" because he was a very quiet, level-headed and calm person. In keeping with the Latin motto of the Orange family: "Saevis tranquillus in undis".
William of Orange is the founder of Dutch independence and fell - as the inscription on the base of the statue says - for his Protestant faith. On July 15, 1584, "The Silent One" was shot on the town hall steps of Delft in Holland.
Schiller monument
The Schiller monument is located in front of the south façade of the theater and was erected in 1905 to mark the 100th anniversary of Friedrich von Schiller's death. However, unlike Goethe, Schiller was never in Wiesbaden.
The new Schiller monument is immediately accepted by the people of Wiesbaden. The muse at the poet's feet, however, was not. The monument was created by the sculptor Joseph Uphues.
Schiller's bust, which had to make way for the Kaiser-Friedrich monument on Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz, is located in the schoolyard of the Oberrealschule - now Leibnizschule - on Zietenring.
Emperor Friedrich Monument
The Kaiser Friedrich statue stands on the square of the same name in front of the Hotel Nassauer Hof. From here, there is a unique view of the bowling green, the colonnades and the Kurhaus. The monument, created by the Berlin sculptor Professor Joseph Uphues, was transported to Wiesbaden from Berlin in 1897.
After several discussions regarding an appropriate location, the Empress decided to erect the monument on the former Theaterplatz. The Schiller monument previously located here was thus dismantled and erected in a new location. However, the foundations of the poet's monument could not be removed so easily, so that the Kaiser Friedrich monument now stands on its foundations.
Goethe monument
The Goethe monument made of Fichtelgebirge granite was donated by a citizen of Wiesbaden and created by the Munich sculptor Hermann Hahn.
The monument, which shows Goethe enthroned above the clouds with an eagle under his arm, was placed on a pedestal in front of the entrance to the Wiesbaden Museum in 1919. It was intended to stand in front of the museum, as Goethe contributed to its creation during his visits to Wiesbaden in 1814 and 1815.
In 1992, the museum director arranged for the Goethe statue to be kept in the inner courtyard of the museum. However, due to pressure from the public, the monument was erected again: at ground level on the lawn in front of the museum.
After ongoing discussions, the monument was finally placed back on a pedestal in front of the museum two days before Goethe's 250th birthday, on August 26, 1999. However, not in front of the entrance to the museum, but at the beginning of the staircase.
Oraniendenkmal on the Luisenplatz
The Oraniendenkmal is dedicated to the 1st Nassau Field Artillery Regiment No. 27 Oranien, its wartime units and the fallen.
The monument shows a rearing horse on a pedestal on which the locations of the battles are recorded. The inscription on the monument reads: "Loyal to the fatherland I remain until death".
In February 1933, a competition was held to design an equestrian monument with artillery attributes. Of the more than 100 projects submitted, none proved suitable. A second and third invitation to tender were also unsuccessful. In September 1933, an agreement was finally reached and the design by Berlin artist Professor Paul Scheurich was chosen.
The monument was unveiled on Luisenplatz on October 21, 1934. Dr. Hermann Kaiser, the main speaker at the ceremony, fought for seven years for the erection of an Oraniendenkmal.
Even during the inauguration, it was clear that Hermann Kaiser was trying to distance himself from National Socialism. During the Second World War, the student councilor increasingly turned to the resistance. One day after the attempted coup on July 20, 1944, Hermann Kaiser was arrested in Berlin and sentenced to death. He was executed in Plötzensee on January 23, 1945.
The Oraniendenkmal has an additional memorial plaque with the following inscription: "His life is a warning against war and inhumanity".
Bust of Dostoyevsky in the spa gardens
Dostoyevsky's passion for gambling began in Wiesbaden. To finance this, he wrote the novel "The Gambler" in record time.
In the mid-1990s, former Russian President Mikhail Gorbachev came to Wiesbaden with his wife. A Russian journalist who was accompanying Gorbachev at the time told the renowned Russian painter and sculptor Gabriel Glikman about the close connection between Wiesbaden and Dostoyevsky.
Glikman decided to make a generous gesture and presented the expressionist bust of Dostoyevsky to the Wiesbaden Casino as a gift for its 225th birthday. The bust of Fyodor Dostoyevsky has stood in the Nizza square in the Kurpark since 1996.